Reproduction in Plants - Questions and Answers
Class 7 Science Part 2 Chapter 4
Assam State Education Board Syllabus 2025-2026 Covered
This chapter explains the different modes of reproduction in plants. Below are the important questions and answers from NCERT & SCERT Assam Class 7 Science Chapter 4 - Reproduction in Plants, based on the Assam State Education Board syllabus for 2025-2026.
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Join Our WhatsAppIntroduction to Reproduction in Plants
- Reproduction is the process by which plants produce new offspring.
- Plants reproduce through asexual and sexual reproduction.
- Asexual reproduction includes vegetative propagation, budding, fragmentation, and spore formation.
- Sexual reproduction occurs through pollination and fertilization.
Class 7 Science Question Answer – Part 2
Below are the chapters of Class 7 Science Part 2. Click on the chapter name to access the respective question-and-answer content:
- Fibre to Fabric
- Respiration in Organisms
- Transportation in Animals and Plants
- Reproduction in Plants
- Electric Current and its Effects
- Light
- Water: A Precious Resource
- Forests: Our Lifeline
- Wastewater Story
1. Fill in the Blanks:
(a) The production of new individuals from the vegetative part of the parent is called vegetative propagation.
(b) A flower with either male or female reproductive parts is called a unisexual flower.
(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or another flower of the same kind is called pollination.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed fertilisation.
(e) Seed dispersal occurs through wind, water, and animals.
2. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Ans:- (i) Vegetative Propagation: New plants grow from roots, stems, leaves, or buds. Examples: Potato tuber, ginger rhizome.
(ii) Budding: A small outgrowth (bud) develops and detaches to form a new organism. Example: Yeast.
(iii) Fragmentation: Organism splits into fragments, each growing into a new individual. Example: Algae.
(iv) Spore Formation: Spores germinate under favorable conditions to form new individuals. Examples: Rhizopus, Mucor.
(v) Fission: Unicellular organisms divide to form new organisms.
Binary fission: Amoeba, Paramecium, Leishmania.
Multiple fission: Plasmodium.
3. Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.
Ans:- Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes, forming a new individual. In plants, stamens (male) and pistils (female) are the reproductive organs.
4. Differences Between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction:
Answer:
| Asexual Reproduction | Sexual Reproduction |
|---|---|
| Requires one parent | Requires male and female parents |
| Offspring identical to parent | Offspring show variations |
| No special reproductive organs needed | Special reproductive organs required |
| Example: Yeast, rose | Example: Humans, insects |
5. Sketch of the Reproductive Parts of a Flower:
Answer:
6. Differences Between Self-Pollination and Cross-Pollination:
| Self-Pollination | Cross-Pollination |
|---|---|
| Pollen grains transfer within the same flower | Pollen grains transfer to another flower of the same kind |
| Occurs in bisexual flowers | Occurs in both unisexual and bisexual flowers |
7. How does the process of fertilisation take place in flowers?
Ans:- Fertilisation occurs when male and female gametes fuse, forming a zygote, which later develops into an embryo and grows into a seed.
8. Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.
Ans:- (i)Wind: Light, winged seeds (Maple, Drumstick).
(ii) Water: Floating seeds (Coconut).
(iii) Animals: Hooks/spines attach to animals (Xanthium, Urena).
(iv) Explosion/Bursting: Seeds scattered when fruits burst (Castor, Balsam).
9. Match the Following:
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (a) Bud | (iii) Yeast |
| (b) Eyes | (v) Potato |
| (c) Fragmentation | (ii) Spirogyra |
| (d) Wings | (i) Maple |
| (e) Spores | (iv) Bread mould |
10. Tick the correct answer:
(a) The reproductive part of a plant is the:
(i) Leaf
(ii) Stem
(iii) Root
(iv) Flower ✅
(b) The fusion of male and female gametes is called:
(i) Fertilisation ✅
(ii) Pollination
(iii) Reproduction
(iv) Seed Formation
(c) A mature ovary forms:
(i) Seed
(ii) Stamen
(iii) Pistil
(iv) Fruit ✅
(d) A spore-producing organism is:
(i) Rose
(ii) Bread mould ✅
(iii) Potato
(iv) Ginger
(e) Bryophyllum can reproduce by:
(i) Stem
(ii) Leaves ✅
(iii) Roots
(iv) Flower
Class 7 Science Chapter 4 - Important Questions & Answers
Q1: What is reproduction in plants?
Answer: Reproduction is the biological process by which plants produce new individuals of their kind.
Q2: What are the two main types of reproduction in plants?
Answer: The two types are:
- Asexual reproduction (without seeds)
- Sexual reproduction (with seeds)
Q3: What is vegetative propagation?
Answer: Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from stems, roots, or leaves. Examples: Potato (stem), Bryophyllum (leaf), and Sweet Potato (root).
Q4: What are the different types of asexual reproduction in plants?
Answer:
- Vegetative Propagation – New plants grow from roots, stems, or leaves.
- Budding – A small bud grows and detaches to form a new plant (e.g., Yeast).
- Fragmentation – A plant body breaks into pieces, and each piece grows into a new plant (e.g., Spirogyra).
- Spore Formation – Spores are released, which grow into new plants (e.g., Fungi, Ferns).
Q5: What is sexual reproduction in plants?
Answer: Sexual reproduction occurs through flowers. It involves pollination, fertilization, and seed formation.
Q6: What are the main parts of a flower involved in reproduction?
Answer:
- Stamen – Male part (Anther + Filament) produces pollen.
- Pistil – Female part (Stigma + Style + Ovary) contains ovules.
Q7: What is pollination?
Answer: Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower. It can be self-pollination (same flower) or cross-pollination (different flower).
Q8: What happens after pollination?
Answer: After pollination, fertilization occurs where the male and female gametes combine, leading to seed formation.
Q9: What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
| Asexual Reproduction | Sexual Reproduction |
|---|---|
| Involves only one parent | Involves two parents |
| No seeds are formed | Seeds are formed |
| Quick reproduction | Slow process |
| Examples: Potato, Yeast | Examples: Mango, Rose |
Q10: What are seeds?
Answer: Seeds are the structures that grow into new plants, containing an embryo and stored food.
Q11: What are the advantages of vegetative propagation?
Answer:
- Faster than seed reproduction.
- Produces identical plants.
- Useful for plants that do not produce seeds (e.g., Sugarcane, Potato).
Q12: What is grafting?
Answer: Grafting is an artificial method of vegetative propagation where parts of two plants are joined to grow as one (e.g., Mango, Rose).
Q13: What are the agents of pollination?
Answer:
- Wind Pollination (e.g., Maize)
- Water Pollination (e.g., Hydrilla)
- Insect Pollination (e.g., Sunflower)
Q14: What is the role of fruits in reproduction?
Answer: Fruits protect seeds and help in their dispersal.
Q15: What are the methods of seed dispersal?
Answer:
- By Wind – Light seeds (e.g., Cotton, Dandelion).
- By Water – Floating seeds (e.g., Coconut).
- By Animals – Edible fruits (e.g., Mango, Guava).
- By Explosion – Some fruits burst (e.g., Pea, Castor).
FAQs on Reproduction in Plants
Q1: Why is reproduction important?
Answer: It ensures the survival and continuity of plant species.
Q2: What are unisexual and bisexual flowers?
Answer:
- Unisexual Flowers – Contain either male or female parts (e.g., Papaya, Pumpkin).
- Bisexual Flowers – Contain both male and female parts (e.g., Rose, Hibiscus).
Q3: What is the function of ovary in plants?
Answer: The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds after fertilization.
Q4: What is artificial propagation?
Answer: It is a man-made method of growing plants through cutting, layering, and grafting.
Q5: How do fungi reproduce?
Answer: Fungi reproduce by spores (e.g., Bread Mold).
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